Clinical- epidemiológicas characterization of patients with renal tumors. Saturnino Lora Provincial Hospital. 2020- 2024

Abstract

Introduction: renal cancer is among the human neoplasms with the least predictable clinical course. Patients may remain completely asymptomatic, while in other cases, it is aggressive and destructive from the time of diagnosis. 

Objective: to characterize patients diagnosed with renal tumors between 2020 and 2024 at the "Saturnino Lora Torres" Provincial Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital. 

Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with renal tumors at the Saturnino Lora Provincial Teaching Hospital between January 2020 and December 2024. The study population consisted of 65 patients, and a (non-probabilistic) sample of 33 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was selected. The variables were: Age, Sex, Personal Medical History, Affected Kidney, Size, Location, Signs and Symptoms, and Histological Subtype. 

Results: the 61-70 year age group and males predominated. Twenty-one patients (63.63 %) had hypertension, and nine patients (27.27 %) were smokers. Tumors were predominantly located in the upper pole, with 10 patients (30.30%) having this location. Twenty-three tumors (69.69 %) measured between 5 and 10 cm. Lower back pain was the predominant symptom. Clear cell carcinoma was the predominant histological variant, occurring in 15 patients (45.45 %). 

Conclusions: a higher incidence of renal tumors was found after the sixth decade of life, affecting males more frequently. The main risk factors were hypertension and smoking.